High-Speed USB4 Interface: Validation across Gen 2 and Gen 3 Variants

Abstract

The increasing demand for higher data rates is driving the development of new USB generations, which introduce new challenges in post-silicon validation. The complexity of new compliance tests, instruments, and electrical parameters in USB products demands extensive knowledge and understanding of signal integrity requirements for high-speed protocols. This is because high-frequency data rates are more susceptible to degradation caused by factors such as attenuation, crosstalk, EMI, and reflections. In this master’s dissertation, we present a methodology guide for USB4 Tx and Rx testing, to expedite the process for engineers to fully understand the electrical and compliance test specifications of USB4. This document aims to help engineers quickly familiarize themselves with each parameter, required tests, recommended cables, fixtures, and instruments, enabling them to commence validation promptly.